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$A conceptual double-exposure photo showing a young adolescent's face blended with a cracked, weathered wall texture, symbolizing political alienation and disillusionment. The left half reveals the youth's serious expression while the right dissolves into fractured, peeling surfaces, visually representing distrust, powerlessness, and psychological fragmentation associated with the pathway from system-disillusionment toward political radicalism in Swedish adolescents.$

System-disillusioned youth radicalize: The role of political alienation in the formation of political radicalism

$A photo showing a fragmented, close-up human face in muted blue-gray tones, overlaid with distorted textures and streaks of vivid red. The image is heavily manipulated with cracked, glass-like fractures and double-exposure effects that obscure the eyes, evoking themes of psychological rupture, obscured identity, and violence—visually paralleling the article's discussion of ideology-free extremism fixated on aggression itself.$

Extremism without ideology

A photo showing a close-up impasto oil painting of a human face composed of fragmented, palette-knife patches in blue, orange, yellow, red, and white. The mosaic-like brushstrokes assemble piercing blue eyes, nose, and mouth from disparate color blocks, visually evoking the article's "salad bar" metaphor of composite, hybrid extremist worldviews built from diverse ideological fragments.

Why the ‘salad bar’ might actually help extremism research – A reply to Horgan and Shayler

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Samuel P. Jones

School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Australia

Samuel P. Jones is a researcher in the School of Psychology at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Jones works on conspiracy theories, misinformation, and epistemically suspect beliefs, with additional interests in content analysis and reasoning processes underlying the acceptance or rejection of false or misleading claims.

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Publications in advances.in/psychology

Content analysis of reasoning of believers and nonbelievers of misinformation and conspiracy theories

Research Article

Lazy or different? A quantitative content analysis of how believers and nonbelievers of misinformation reason

By Samuel G. Robson, Kate Faasse, Eliza-Rose Gordon, Samuel P. Jones, Manisara Drew, & Kristy A. Martire

October 9, 2024

Page last updated: May 18, 2026